Landmannalaugar July 3-4


A lengthy drive into Iceland's interior took us past a few small settlements and some large hydroschemes to pavement's end. Onward was our first F road, four wheel drive only roads that most car rentals are not allowed on. This particular F road leading to the geological wonderland of Landmannalaugar was perhaps the most traveled in all of Iceland and was generally in good shape, if not a little washboarded from the traffic. Despite the late (9p-ish) hour, we were surprised at the amount of cars heading out- rentals, custom armageddon-style camping rigs, and a few hiker shuttle buses. We soon learned the ever-present sun meant that normal diurnal schedules were less regularly followed. Between the vehicles and their clouds of dust it was a desolate Martian landscape of young volcanoes, older volcanoes, and older volcanoes worn down beyond recognition.



Most of the way in towards the roadend we detoured to the edge of Bláhylur, a scenic crater lake where I sent the drone out for a loop around some of the surroundings including past mountain peaks and some old cinder cones bizarrely weathered into alien patterns and symbols. This was also my first  experience with the pestering black flies, which attempted to destroy my drone-flying concentration by pitter-pattering into my face. A headnet ended up being the main packing regret of the whole trip and these were only the first taste of thicker skies to come.






More driving past interesting lava flows, craters, and lakes led us to the road's end at Landmannalaugar, trailhead junction to a vast area of colorful altered rhyolitic rocks. We were relieved to see that other roof tent campers were set up at the parking area before the river ford, which was deep enough that I had no interest in attempting on day two of our trip. We braved more flies to grab bathing suits and freeze dried dinners and walked the footbridge over to the hut and encampment. After a late dinner in the shelter (somewhat less buggy), we strolled the boardwalk over to the places namesake hot spring, "the People's Pool" for a nearly midnight soak and persistent sunset. The sparkling clarity of the pool led us in...the first foot dropped into nearly glacially cold waters up to the waist. We rapidly waded over to where we could see the steaming springs entering this cool pool. This was one of the weirdest hot springs I have ever been to! The boiling hot water did a poor job mixing with the cool water such that the best you could do was find a spot where the water column was layered too hot above and too cold below, which perpetually confused our brains. Subtle shifts would either scald or freeze you and despite considerable effort I could never find the happy compromise. Looking back online I can see plenty of people comfortably bathing across the whole pool, so there must have been some early season conditions stopping the waters from effectively mixing. Some passing rain fell on us between some sunset-colored clouds. Back at the car this was the first night using our roof tent; we both were pleased at the ease of setup, comfort, and surprisingly dark fabric that helped sleep in these northern latitude summers.

Landmannalagaur hot spring at a midnight sunset
The next morning was less clear and colorful than the previous night but still nice enough for hiking. I had sketched out an interesting looking 24km hike but as it turned out many of the secondary routes were blocked off in an effort to limit foot traffic damage due to to early season thawing conditions. We improvised and ended up doing a neat and adventurous route of our own. Past the hut we followed the main trail up onto the chunky 500 yr-ish old obsidian flow of Laugahraun, through the steaming geothermal area at its top edge, and then detoured up the spur trail to the summit of the multi-colored Brennisteinsalda.




Happily no one else was around the summit of Brennisteinsalda to be annoyed by a buzzing drone and so it went out for a loop around some of the most spectacular volcanic landscape I could ever conceive. The photos do more justice than my words can (and the views more than photos can), but the variety of colors and texture seem hard to match.
Looking towards Brennisteinsalda
Looking across the Námskvísl valley


After this diversion we continued along the main trail up a ridge and through a steep snow patch to gain the smoother glaciated landscape above. Here we entered some misty, drizzly clouds and the landscape was noticeably bleaker between the snow patches and darker rocks. We branched southward off the main trail following a loosely poled route through long snow patches across to where I hoped we could loop back down by a different route. After 3km along the tops we worked our way back down the ridge network into the colorful badlands below. This turned out to be slow going due to two steep snow patches, loose scree slopes, and a nontrivial amount of exposure along a foot-width ridge, while cold rain pelted us. Slowly we made forward progress, going about 1km in over an hour. At least the views were excellent on both sides of the ridge.







The narrow ridge ended at a broader plateau that we walked to regain a trail with hikers returning from summiting Blánúkur. I took the drone out for another stop in a break in the drizzle, flying along the ridge up to the summit, and then looping over more of these distinctly Icelandic volcanic badlands.





Though we were back on a more commonly used trail, there were still a few surprises as we traversed several sloping snow patches, a steep scree slope, and frigid stream crossing. We took the less developed trail back as it led mazelike across the ups, downs, and turns of the obsidian flow and then followed a gorge at the flows edge. The trail spit us out onto the wide alluvial flats, leaving a short walk back to the hut area. Our hike ended up being closer to 15km rather than the 24km loop I envisioned but we still managed to kill most of the day and see some incredible sights on our loop.



On the way out from Landmannlaugar I knew there was one more drone flight I would have to do. Namshraun is a particularly viscous looking lava flow that descends from a saddle down into a lake where it creates intricate swooping islands and colorful shallows (frontispiece), certainly one of the more amazing landscapes I have ever seen. I also detoured over the nearly perfect cinder cone Stútur nearby.

Namshraun (lava flow) into Frostastaðavatn (lake)


Stútur crater
We also made a stop at an unassuming gravel lot on the side of the road and walked down a wash and along a dam access road to a overlook into Sigödugljúfur canyon, or more specifically its countless waterfalls leaking out of basalt cliffs. This was at the end of a long stimulating day not yet over and a quick visit was better than nothing, but it is somewhere I would have enjoyed taking some more careful tripod photos, flying a drone, and even seeking out the possibility of packrafting past the falls, if even possible. Certainly one of the more unique and scenic series of waterfalls I have seen anywhere.


More driving! For more forward progress we opted to stay at Hamragarðar campground right off the Ring Road with quick access to two popular waterfalls. We were pleasantly surprised to see the campground was nearly empty and parked our vehicle a stone's throw away from another unique waterfall, Gljúfrabúi. After another late dinner we strolled over to our backyard falls which has a narrow slot canyon entrance that leads into a misty waterfall grotto. Neat! 

Gljúfrabúi falls (and below)

We then strolled along the path a mere 600m to Seljalandfoss, notable for the loop trail behind the falls. After all this excitement we finally settled into our tent somewhere around midnight.

Seljalandfoss (and below)

Fagradalsfjall Volcano July 2-3

 
Iceland! This was our wildcard summer trip to a more straightforward Lake Powell backpack/packraft/canyon trip we had in mind. The more we looked into it, the more we started to shift towards Iceland. Prices were manageable (cheaper than they would have been pre-pandemic), the country was welcoming tourists with some testing/quarantine restrictions on entry, the more we looked the more we realized there was plenty to do, and there was an easily accessible erupting volcano! We booked plane tickets and a 4WD Subaru Grand Vitara with a roof tent, carefully crafted a packing list, and started to plan a flexible enough itinerary to deal with whatever the weather would throw at us. Planning the trip had a few notable differences to what I was used to. Iceland has a fair deal of coverage online regarding main tourist destinations (waterfalls, hot springs, etc.), but as soon as you veered away from those places I was hard pressed to come up with any information at all (packrafting possibilities for example). The satellite imagery available was of lower quality than I was routinely left second guessing- was that a small Class II rapid or a Class V waterfall!!? The crazy places names were also nearly impenetrable as I copy/pasted them while making no mental effort to reconcile how they might be pronounced. I soon worked out that "foss" means waterfall (e.g. Seljalandfoss) and fjöllum means glacial river (e.g Jökulsá á Fjöllum), but even now after our trip I did not progress much further in my understanding of Icelandic. Fortunately, Caltopo seemed to have nearly every placename searchable, which greatly helped with building a map. As we neared our trip, Iceland announced that it was removing negative tests and quarantine for entry (just proof of vaccination needed) effective beginning the day before our arrival- what timing! Hindsight would also show that the Navajo Nation would still not open and damaging floods would sweep through the Southwest, further reinforcing our sense that we chose the right vacation.

Our trip got off to an unusual start. While waiting for our flight out of Minneapolis it was revealed that our flight to Iceland was overbooked by a staggering 30 seats. Offers to volunteer to take a flight the next day started at $500 and gradually rose as we waited in the terminal. $800, $1000, $1500, $2000. We could see takers walking up to the counter but the people at the desk still seemed to be frantic in trying to get more volunteers. We got on our plane and got situated but they delayed our departure, still trying for more volunteers. They were up to $4000 and you would be placed on a flight two days later. This would effectively mean a free trip to Iceland and then some so Heather got up and talked with a flight attendant at which point it was $4500 per person. Maybe another thirty seconds of deep deliberation and we decided we couldn't refuse, packed up our stuff, and deplaned to wait back at the terminal desk to get processed. After a good long wait we were rather rudely told that they no longer needed us and to get back on the plane. It turned out they removed my checked bags (including all of our camping gear) from the plane in the intervening time. So we were minutes away from considerable travel vouchers in hand with a two day delay to our trip, and instead got a one-day in-country delay courtesy Delta waiting for our bags to arrive and further out of pocket needing to book accommodation. Overall the experience was highly distressing and poorly handled by Delta, and I was in a sour, dejected mood at the start of the trip. Later we found out our overbooked flight made the news, including accounts of passengers raking it in, but our experience was unreported. We were picked up at the airport by our car rental company, showed the ropes, set out for a morning meal (turns out every croissant in Iceland has ham buried inside it), did some shopping, then beelined for a hike to the volcano, a mere twenty minutes drive from the airport. 

The eruption at Fagradalsfjall began on 19 March 2021 as a fissure eruption with multiple vents emitting effusive basaltic lava. The eruption has continued to evolve since, with a single vent soon becoming dominant, lava fountains, and lava flows breaching spillover saddles, cutting access to some viewpoints. The volcano is well monitored for gas emissions, seismicity, and via multiple webcams. The mostly nonexplosive eruption in an unpopulated area, slow-moving lava, predictable lava paths based on topography, prevailing winds mostly blowing volcanic gases away from people, and position twenty minute drive from the airport and one hour hike from the road have led this to arguably be the safest and most accessible eruption in modern times. This has certainly led to very high visitation and plenty of internet videos of people rather foolishly hiking out across thin lava crusts that likely still have active conduits beneath. The steady stream of enticing internet footage of the eruption would perhaps mislead you into thinking it was an easy guarantee of success at the end of a short hike but by the time we arrived in Iceland the vent was actively erupting about 50% of the time on a roughly 1-3 day cycle (current status easily determined by the published seismicity rates and webcams when weather was clear) and the weather clear enough to see the edifice perhaps 50% of the time, leaving a minority chance of conditions to align during a visit.

Our first day's visit we hiked up the least used trail furthest west. The going was steep and uneven but at least headed straight towards our destination. Up a steep gully the ridge rolled over such that anticipation continually built until we very finally got a clear view: no obvious lava at the crater but plenty of steaming newly cooled lava around. As we got closer to the lava field we notice extremely delicate frothy ejecta like honeycomb candy peppering the ground that probably shot from the volcano during its fountaining phases and collected a few for souvenirs. I flew the drone over the field to the crater- empty, no lava! We walked along the edge of the lava field enjoying the fresh pahoehoe textures and not enjoying the sulfurous air. It was really neat to be here and experience the freshness of it all, but beneath the excitement was a layer of disappointment at not seeing molten lava bursting into the air and flowing down the hillside. We checked into our room at the end of a quiet peninsula near Reykjavik, grabbed some pizza, and fought sleep the best we could to make it until 9pm to get on Iceland time.





We awoke the next morning and first thing checked the webcams. Clearly visible was lava bursting out of the profile of the crater! Yes please! We could do little more than hope that the eruption would continue and that clouds would stay parted, as we packed up and drove back towards the volcano. This time we took the main trail west of the volcano, following the bulldozed road to the manmade dam diverting lava, and then a little further to a clear view. There it was, lava bursting into the air! It really was moving and Heather had the perfectly reasonable response of tears at the sight. There were clouds but not yet any helicopters so I readied the drone and flew it over the crater. I was glued to the screen, mesmerized by the violence and incredible detail in the chaos. It was like being mesmerized by watching a campfire only dialed up to 11! At the central part of the crater upwelling surges created waves that crashed against the crater walls. Black geometric crusts of lava separated rhythmically as the lava flowed away from the source, spilling out of the pool as rapids of fast moving, orange glowing lava. This continued away from the crater as a single channel, in places going subterranean before appearing again. As the lava poured down into the valley below it began to anastomose into multiple channels. The photos and video do a better job expressing the drama and detail. Certainly one of the more amazing things I have seen. Clouds began to drift in on my second drone flight and helicopters also began appearing so I had to be more cautious and aware of my surroundings. Within a couple hours the clouds came in and I do not think anyone else that arrived later got a chance to see the eruption at all!

^ More-or-less the same view 20 hours apart ^


On our way back down the mountain we took a brief detour to fly once more over the distal part of the lava flow, which was also very neat to see. The video below is my best attempt to narrow down 20 minutes of captivating drone footage into a 5 minute overview. We felt completely redeemed and satisfied after the previous day's attempt. As enthralled as we were, we still had a lot more to fit into our long Icelandic day.



We drove for about an hour onward to Reykjadalur Hot River, a very popular 3.5 km hike to a stretch of geothermal creek suitable for bathing. The parking lot was nearly full with a mix of tourists and locals enjoying the unusually sunny weather locally. We hiked past several steaming fumeroles and switchbacked our way up the grassy hillside. We then traversed in and out of a few small drainages, passing a nice view of a mossy waterfall below. At the geothermal area we were surprised to see carefree sheep giving no mind to hanging out next to steaming pools. We walked on past the boardwalked bathing section (there would be time for that soon enough), to the uppermost part of the geothermal area that had more fumeroles and mud volcanoes. There also was an interesting cliff-lined amphitheater with a secret tucked away waterfall (alas cold!). 




Back at the bathing area we found a spot suitably deep and with a hint of shade and enjoyed a pleasant soak. Though plenty busy, there were enough soaking places that everyone could essentially have their own spot on the creek. The water was just a little on the hot side but still made for a great soak. At one point we laid out in a slight hollow in the lush grass, enjoying the sun and slight protection from the wind. Another soak, then we returned the way we came. This would be the first of many hot springs on our trip. 


After Reykjadalur we continued east along the Ring Road, the main road looping the exterior of the island, then branched north on secondary roads, and then dirt roads en route to Landmannalaugar. On the way we detoured to see the twin waterfalls of Háifoss and Granni (a mere 250m apart), which plunge into youthful amphitheater gorges from glaciated flatlands above. It was a little windy and the lighting was particularly harsh, but I braved flying a drone around the falls. If we had more time it looked like a neat hike to the perma-mist at the base of the falls. We continued on our dirt road adventure into Landmannalaugar.


M. F. American River June 6


Through some persistence and remarkably accommodating whitewater guides I managed to hitch a ride in the gear truck for an eight raft commercial trip to the Middle Fork of the American River. I was thrilled to get to see a new river, add 18 miles to my Saturday tally of 21, and perhaps a little nervous to not thoroughly embarrass myself in my packraft in front of a bunch of guides and their clients. I was particularly nervous about Tunnel Chute (IV+), a meaty 100 foot long chute of fast-moving froth ended at a steep plunge into a tall wave (frontispiece). Tunnel Chute is a pretty unique feature. Wanting to access the river placer along a long oxbow bend of the river, a gold mining company blasted a tunnel through the meander cut-off and then blasted a bedrock chute to divert the river through. I would mostly stay with the raft group (plus or minus) on this run since they were my ride back, but on finding out that Tunnel Chute was only a mile into the run I thought it best if I boat down ASAP, scout it, then wait for the rafts to show up. 

The first mile has some nice swift rapids. It was a good thing the scout pull-in for Tunnel Chute was fairly obvious. It looked thoroughly impressive from above, perhaps the fastest rapid I've been in for its length. The final feature, if I made it upright until then, would be a steep drop and then a climb up a steep corner wave on the other side- the whole thing was reminiscent of a half pipe. I spent a good long while walking back and forth and mapping out a precision line. I accepted that I could flip and have a bad time but ultimately decided I would run it. Fortunately the rafts showed up just as I got back to my boat so I did not have to linger in gut-wrenching wait very long. I slipped into line behind two rafts and plunged into Last Chance Rapid that immediately leads into Tunnel Chute. I already was further left than I wanted to be coming out of Last Chance and so had to paddle hard to get back on my line. I entered Tunnel Chute right where I wanted and picked up speed like crazy. I had to brace a couple times and make a few paddle strokes to position but mostly I was on a fast moving liquid conveyor beyond my control. Somehow I managed to be too far right going into the final drop, the peeling lateral kissed me, pushing me to the left side into the chaotic corner wave. I muttered a few profanities and braced for impact. The result was surprising. The weirdly aerated water plunged my bow skyhigh as my boat twisted to face upriver. The mushy water underneath allowed me to brace, and somehow I leaked out of the bottom of the rapid backwards but upright. All smiles and a little bit of wonder, I floated through the spacious tunnel with the other rafts. It's not my normal thing but I so rarely get photos of myself in IV+ that I gave in and forked over for the paparazzi photos of me. 

Scouting Tunnel Chute


Tunnel Chute three photo sequence


It was a surprisingly nice relief to have the biggest rapid appear in the first mile of the 18 mile run, lightening my mental load and allowing me to just enjoy the river. A few other rapids had some nice features. Kanaka Rapid (IV) rounded out the action packed first third of the run- I appreciated the guide beta of "stay left", as it was pretty much all I needed to know. 

Kanaka Rapid
The middle third of the run had a few riffles interspersed but was primarily flatwater, making me work a little harder to keep up with the paddle rafts. Periodically we would come upon another raft group who could always not resist asking me whether I ran Tunnel Chute and how it went. Lunch stop was near Otter Creek about halfway through the flatwater. I initially found my own spot to snack in the shade but the overly friendly Latin American guides coaxed me to join the group. I ended up talking with some chatty Stanford freshman rounding out the end of their school year with a river adventure. It was interesting to get the pandemic learning perspective from these supposedly smart and enterprising students. Turns out they are just as unmotivated as my students. 

Continuing on the flatwater ended at Chunder (IV), which despite the Hot Shot photographer camping out, was a quick and seemingly straightforward drop. Next up was Ruck-A-Chucky Falls (VI), the trip's portage. I was just about to ask a guide if it ever gets run when an empty boat (other than the guide) plunged over the steep drop out of sight. All the guides ended up running the rapid! It would have been fun to watch but most of the rapid's mayhem was hidden from view of the right bank.

Ruck-A-Chucky Falls (portage)
Ruck-A-Chucky kicked off a nice rapidfire section of boulder falls. Cleavage was fun, as were the few rapids that followed. All too soon this grand finale was over and the takeout came into view on the right. A no flip run! Always a good feeling, particularly this time with the watchful eyes of guides and touristas. I took my dry suit off and deflated as quick as I could so as not to slow anyone down, which fortunately worked out just fine. The ride back to camp was uneventful and I was back by about 4pm. Great day!

Cleavage Rapid
All in all I was thrilled to boat a new river, which apparently does not see much private use because of the shuttle logistics. I thought it was great, better than the more popular Main Tuolumne run for what it is worth. I managed to get in 39 solo miles without any flips- not bad for a tag-along weekend. Heather's course sounded like it went really well so a successful weekend all around.  

S. F. American River June 5

This would be a tag-along weekend for me. Heather was doing a whitewater rescue course on the South Fork American River so I was along for the drive. The last 30 minutes of the driving to the campsite in the dark ended up being particularly exciting with both of the low beams managing to burn out- turns out those are useful. I could not find any other takers for paddling and so decided to see what I could pull together on my own. I had previously run the 20.5mile Chili Bar - C to G - The Gorge in one go solo so at least knew I should be able to handle it again. She kindly dropped me off at Chili Bar before her course and I readied for the run under the bridge opposite a quiet Chili Bar. Supposedly there are some III and III+ rapids but as I remembered last time Troublemaker (III+, above) at the end of the run was the first thing that was engaging. It took me one hour to this point. I got out to stroll through our camp and see if I could figure out shuttle logistics for a Middle Fork trip the next day (no such luck yet).

I continued on through the Coloma to Greenwood run. Not too much to note but waved at Heather in her course at the Mother Lode River Center. I past lots of raft groups and one kayak group, making good time. The long pools I remembered in the first half of The Gorge run were still there. I had a clean line through Satan's Cesspool- the weird lateral tongue was more hollow this time and so I skimmed in to the right of it with very little drama. Hospital Bar Rapid at the end of the run was probably the one I was thinking about the most as this is where a meaty hole and strong laterals took out some IKs I was floating through with and almost got me. I also had a clean and unmemorable run through this rapid this time. The lake level was even lower than last time so I had flow all the way to the Skunk Hollow take-out. 4.5 hours on the water. As I got to the parking lot there was a truck with kayakers minutes away from taking off. I asked if they were headed to Greenwood and to my great luck they were and were super friendly about a ride. I quickly and haphazardly loaded my stuff in the back of the truck and we were off. Quickest hitch ever! I ended up having a nice chat with Mark and Lisa formerly of Anaheim Hills, and Logan, and they even dropped me off at Mother Lode River Center where the car was waiting! It wasn't the most exciting run, particularly being a repeat for me, but it was great to put in some miles and I might have been the only one running the whole river that day.